|
|
[HOME
> OUTLINE
> HOW BIOTECH WORKS] |
|
|
|
From the educational point
of this site,it will be more interesting to show the idea of biotechnology
that made a great revolution in different fields of life.
As it will explain to the readers how
biotechnology works, and so it will make the rest of the site clear to
them. |
|
The DNA
(deoxyribonucleic acid) is common in all organisms, it is found in the
chromosomes inside the nucleus of a cell, it
directs the cell to make the proteins that are the basis of life. Throughout
the years, researchers have discovered how to transfer a specific piece of
DNA from one organism to another
A researcher's first step in
transferring DNA is to "cut" or remove a gene segment from a chain of DNA
using enzyme "scissors" to cut at a specific site along the DNA strand. The
researcher then uses these "scissors" to cut an opening into the plasmid —
the ring of DNA often found in bacteria outside of a cell. Next,
the researcher "pastes" or places the gene segment into the plasmid.
Because the cut ends of both the plasmid and the gene
|
|
segment are
chemically "sticky," they attach to each other, forming a plasmid containing the
new gene. To complete the process, researchers use another enzyme to paste or
secure the new gene in place.
|
|
|
|
| |